Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan. Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kitasato University Kitasato Institute Hospital, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8642, Japan. inotaka@med.kitasato-u.ac.jp. Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan. Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan. Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Nippon Medical School Musashi-Kosugi Hospital, Kawasaki, Japan. Niigata Minami Hospital, Niigata, Japan.